雅思小作文Body段写作全攻略

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雅思小作文的Body段是文章的核心部分,它承载着对图表数据的准确描述与分析,一个清晰、准确且逻辑连贯的Body段能够帮++生在雅思写作中取得较好的成绩,雅思小作文Body段究竟该怎么写呢?接下来将为大家详细剖析。

明确写作步骤

  1. 观察图表拿到图表后,首先要仔细观察图表的类型(如柱状图、折线图、饼图、表格等)、主题、时间范围以及数据的主要特征,如果是柱状图,要留意柱子的高度代表的数据大小,不同柱子之间的对比关系;如果是折线图,关注折线的走势是上升、下降还是波动等。
  2. 选取关键数据从图表众多数据中挑选出具有代表性的数据,如最大值、最小值、转折点数据等,这些关键数据能够帮助你突出图表的主要趋势和特点,比如在一个表示不同年份销售额变化的折线图中,选取销售额增长幅度最大和最小的年份数据作为关键数据。
  3. 进行数据分组根据数据的特点和规律进行合理分组,比如对于时间序列数据,可以按照时间段进行分组;对于不同类别数据,可以按照相似性进行分组,这样能使描述更加有条理,例如在一个关于不同国家人口年龄分布的柱状图中,可以按照年龄段(如0 - 14岁、15 - 64岁、65岁及以上)进行分组描述。
  4. 描述数据运用准确、恰当的词汇和句式来描述数据的大小、变化、比例等关系,要注意使用比较级、最高级等表达方式来突出数据之间的差异。

常用描述词汇和句式

  1. 描述数据大小
    • “The number of students in class A is 50, which is twice as many as that in class B.”(A班学生人数为50,是B班的两倍。)
    • “The sales reached a peak of $10 million in December.”(销售额在12月达到了1000万美元的峰值。)
  2. 描述变化趋势
    • 上升趋势:“The number of tourists has been increasing steadily in the past few years.”(在过去几年里,游客数量一直在稳步增长。)可以用的词汇还有rise, climb, soar等。
    • 下降趋势:“The price of oil has been declining gradually since last month.”(自上个月以来,油价一直在逐渐下降。)类似词汇有fall, drop, decrease等。
    • 波动趋势:“The temperature fluctuated between 20°C and 30°C last week.”(上周气温在20摄氏度到30摄氏度之间波动。)
  3. 描述比例关系
  4. “Boys account for 60% of the total number of students, while girls make up the remaining 40%.”(男生占学生总数的60%,而女生占其余的40%。)还可以用constitute, represent等词来表达“占”的意思。

    不同图表类型的Body段写作要点

    1. 柱状图
      • 首先描述柱子的总体特征,如柱子的数量、代表的类别等。
      • 然后按照分组情况依次描述每组柱子的数据大小及对比关系,可以使用“compared with...”“in contrast to...”等短语来突出对比。
      • The bar chart shows the number of cars sold in different cities in 2020. There are four cities represented by four bars. In City A, the number of cars sold reached 50,000, which is significantly higher than that in City B where only 30,000 cars were sold. Compared with City C (25,000 cars sold) and City D (15,000 cars sold), City A and City B had much larger sales volumes.
    2. 折线图
      • 描述折线的整体走势,是上升、下降还是波动。
      • 指出重要的转折点,如上升或下降的起始点、最高点、最低点等,并说明对应的时间和数据。
      • The line graph depicts the change in the average monthly rainfall in a certain area over a year. The rainfall starts at a relatively low level of about 20 mm in January and then gradually rises to a peak of around 80 mm in July. After that, it declines steadily and reaches the lowest point of approximately 10 mm in December. The overall trend shows a significant fluctuation throughout the year.
    3. 饼图
      • 介绍饼图的主题和各部分所代表的类别。
      • 描述各部分所占的比例大小,可以用百分比或分数来表示。
      • The pie chart illustrates the proportion of different types of energy sources used in a country. Fossil fuels account for 60% of the total energy consumption, with coal making up 30% and oil 20%. Renewable energy sources, including solar, wind, and hydro power, together contribute 40% of the energy, with solar energy representing 15% and wind energy 10%, and hydro power 15%.
    4. 表格
      • 说明表格的主题、时间范围和数据类别。
      • 按照一定的逻辑顺序(如从小到大、从高到低等)描述表格中的数据,重点突出数据之间的差异。
      • The table shows the population density of different regions in a country in 2021. Region A has the highest population density of 500 people per square kilometer, followed by Region B with 300 people per square kilometer. Region C has a relatively lower density of 150 people per square kilometer, and Region D has the lowest density of only 50 people per square kilometer.

      逻辑连贯与衔接

      1. 使用连接词
        • 在描述不同数据或观点之间的关系时,要使用适当的连接词,如“firstly”“secondly”“moreover”“in addition”“however”“therefore”等,使文章逻辑清晰。
        • “The number of tourists from Asia increased significantly in the first quarter. Secondly, the number of European tourists also showed a slight rise. However, the number of tourists from Africa decreased slightly during the same period.”
      2. 对比与比较通过对比和比较不同的数据或类别,突出它们之间的差异和相似之处,可以使用“compared with...”“in contrast to...”“similarly”等表达方式。
      3. “Compared with the previous year, the sales of this product have doubled. In contrast to the domestic market, the international market shows a different growth trend.”

        避免常见错误

        1. 数据描述错误确保数据的准确性,仔细核对图表中的数据,避免抄写错误。
        2. 过度描述不要试图罗列所有的数据,要选取关键数据进行描述,突出主要趋势和特点。
        3. 缺乏分析不仅仅是描述数据,还要对数据背后的原因或趋势进行简单分析,使文章更有深度。
        4. 句式单一尽量使用多样化的句式来丰富文章表达,避免一直使用简单句。

        雅思小作文Body段的写作需要考生准确观察图表、合理选取数据、运用恰当的词汇和句式进行描述,并注意逻辑连贯与衔接,同时避免常见错误,通过不断的练习和积累,相信大家能够在雅思小作文写作中取得优异的成绩💪,在实际写作过程中,可以多参考一些高分范文,学习他人的写作思路和方法,不断提升自己的写作能力,希望以上内容对大家有所帮助,祝大家在雅思考试中顺利斩获理想的分数🎯!