在备考雅思和托福的过程中，口语部分往往是让考生们最为头疼的环节之一，很多考生都想知道，这两项考试的口语到底考些什么？雅思和托福口语考试都非常注重考查考生在日常交流中的语言运用能力,接下来我们就详细探讨一下它们具体都考些什么内容。
雅思口语考试内容剖析
雅思口语考试分为三个部分，每个部分都有其独特的考查重点,而这些重点都紧密围绕着日常口语展开。
第一部分：Introduction and Interview（自我介绍与问答）
这一部分主要是考官与考生之间的简单寒暄和基本信息问答，考官会询问一些关于考生个人、家庭、工作、学习、兴趣爱好等方面的问题。“What's your name?” “Where are you from?” “Do you work or are you a student?” 等，这部分看似简单，但却是为后面的交流做铺垫，考生需要迅速进入英语交流状态，清晰流利地回答问题,这也是考官初步了解考生口语水平和沟通风格的阶段。
比如考官问：“What do you like to do in your free time?” 考生可以回答：“I'm really into reading books. It's a great way to relax and expand my knowledge. I especially like fiction novels because they take me to different worlds and let my imagination run wild. 😊” 这里考生不仅回答了问题，还进一步阐述了喜欢阅读的原因,展现了一定的语言表达能力。
第二部分：Cue Card Topic（话题卡片描述）
考官会给考生一张话题卡片，上面有一个特定的话题和一些提示信息，考生有一分钟的准备时间，然后需要围绕这个话题进行一到两分钟的独白，话题范围非常广泛，涵盖了生活的方方面面，如人物、地点、事件、物品等。“Describe a memorable event in your life.” “Talk about a place you would like to visit.” 等。
在准备过程中，考生要迅速构思内容，组织语言，描述时要注意逻辑清晰，按照一定的顺序展开，比如时间顺序、空间顺序等，要运用丰富的词汇和多样的句式来使表达更生动，比如描述一次旅行经历：“I went to Paris last year and it was an amazing trip. When I arrived, I was immediately captivated by the Eiffel Tower. Standing beneath it, I felt a sense of awe. 😍 We visited the Louvre Museum, where I got to see the Mona Lisa up close. It was truly a masterpiece. The streets of Paris were filled with charming cafes and shops. I spent hours just wandering around, soaking up the atmosphere. The food was also a highlight. I tried all kinds of delicious French cuisine, like croissants and escargots. Overall, it was a trip I will never forget.”
第三部分：Discussion（深入讨论）
这一部分是基于第二部分的话题进行更深入的讨论，考官会就相关话题提出一些更具开放性和抽象性的问题，引导考生进行更深入的思考和交流，如果第二部分话题是关于一次难忘的经历，考官可能会问：“What makes an experience memorable for people in general?” “How can one make sure to have more memorable experiences in the future?” 等。
在这部分讨论中，考生需要展示自己的观点阐述能力、逻辑推理能力以及与考官互动交流的能力，要能够清晰地表达自己的看法，并给出合理的解释和例子支持，比如回答关于如何拥有更多难忘经历的问题时，考生可以说：“I think one key thing is to step out of your comfort zone. Trying new things, like learning a new sport or traveling to an unfamiliar place, can bring unexpected experiences. Also, being fully present in the moment and really engaging with the people and activities around you is important. If you're constantly distracted by your phone, you might miss out on creating those special memories. Another aspect is to have a positive attitude. Even if things don't go exactly as planned, looking for the silver lining can turn a mediocre experience into a memorable one. 😃”
托福口语考试内容解读
托福口语同样有四个部分,也着重考查考生在日常交流场景中的语言运用能力。
第一部分：Independent Speaking Task 1（独立口语任务一）
考生会被问到一个关于个人观点、经历、喜好等方面的问题，如：“What is your favorite way to relieve stress?” “Describe an important decision you made.” 等，要求考生在 15 秒的准备时间后，进行 45 秒左右的回答，这部分考查考生能否迅速组织思路,清晰连贯地表达自己的想法。
例如回答关于缓解压力的问题：“My favorite way to relieve stress is to go for a jog. When I'm running, I can clear my mind and focus only on the rhythm of my steps. It makes me feel energetic and all the tension just seems to melt away. After a good jog, I always feel much more relaxed and ready to face whatever challenges come my way. 🏃♂️”
第二部分：Independent Speaking Task 2（独立口语任务二）
这部分会给出一个话题，让考生在两个观点中选择一个并阐述理由。“Some people prefer to study alone, while others like to study with a group. Which do you prefer and why?” 同样有 15 秒准备时间，然后进行 45 秒左右的陈述，考生需要清晰地表明自己的立场,并给出合理且有条理的理由支持。
比如选择小组学习：“I prefer to study with a group. Firstly, we can discuss different ideas and perspectives, which helps me gain a more comprehensive understanding of the subject. For example, when we were studying for a history exam, we shared our research findings and debated different historical events. This made the learning process much more interesting and engaging. Secondly, group study allows us to divide tasks. If someone is good at math and I'm better at English, we can help each other with our respective subjects. It's like a teamwork that boosts our efficiency. 🤝”
第三部分：Integrated Speaking Task 3（综合口语任务三）
这是一个综合任务，考生会先阅读一篇校园相关的短文，通常是关于学校的政策、通知、活动等，然后听一段相关的对话，对话中两人会对短文内容发表观点，之后考生需要根据阅读和听力内容，概括并阐述其中一人的观点及理由，时间为 60 秒左右。是学校要建新的体育馆，听力中一位学生表示支持，认为这样可以提高体育课程质量，方便学生锻炼，还能举办更多体育赛事，考生在回答时要准确概括这些要点：“The school is planning to build a new gym. The student in the conversation supports this idea. She believes it will improve the quality of physical education courses as there will be better facilities. Also, it will be more convenient for students to exercise. Moreover, it will enable the school to host more sports events, which can enhance the school's sports atmosphere and student participation. 🎾”
第四部分：Integrated Speaking Task 4（综合口语任务四）
考生先阅读一篇学术文章，介绍一个学术概念或现象，然后听一段教授讲解相关内容的讲座，讲座中会结合具体例子对概念进行阐述，最后考生需要根据阅读和听力内容，总结概念并举例说明，时间也是 60 秒左右。
比如阅读介绍了“habituation”（习惯化）的概念，听力中教授通过举例一只被反复播放相同声音++的老鼠，说明老鼠逐渐对声音不再做出反应，这就是习惯化的体现，考生回答时要概括：“Habituation is the phenomenon where an organi++ becomes less responsive to a repeated stimulus over time. As the professor mentioned in the lecture, a mouse that was repeatedly exposed to the same sound eventually stopped reacting to it. This shows how the mouse has habituated to the stimulus. 🐭”
无论是雅思口语还是托福口语考试，都紧密围绕日常口语展开，它们考查的不仅仅是考生的英语语言知识，更重要的是考查考生在实际交流场景中运用语言进行有效沟通、表达观点、描述事物、展开讨论的能力，考生们在备考过程中，要注重积累丰富的日常词汇和多样的句式，多进行口语练习，模拟各种日常交流场景，提高自己的口语流利度、准确性和逻辑性，这样才能在雅思托福口语考试中取得理想的成绩，顺利实现自己的留学或语言提升目标🎯。